Green to Red Color Change Christmas Chemistry Demo

Green to Red Color Change Christmas Chemistry Demo Color-change demonstrations are classic fare for the chemistry classroom. The most common color change reaction may be the Blue Bottle (blue-clear-blue) chemistry demonstration and the Briggs-Rauscher oscillating clock (clear-amber-blue), but if you use different indicators you can get color-change reactions to suit just about any occasion. For example, you can perform a green-red-green color change reaction for a bit of Christmas chemistry. This color change demonstration uses the indigo carmine indicator. Christmas Color Change Demo Materials One of best parts of this demonstration is that you dont need very many ingredients: water (distilled is best, but you can use tap water if your pH is close to neutral)15 grams glucose7.5 grams sodium hydroxideindigo carmine indicatorbeakers or other clear containers Perform the Indigo Carmine Indicator Demo Prepare a 750 ml aqueous solution with 15 g glucose (solution A) and a 250 ml aqueous solution with 7.5 g sodium hydroxide (solution B).Warm solution A to around body temperature (98-100 °F).Add a pinch of indigo carmine, the disodium salt of indigo-5,5-disulphonic acid, to solution A. A pinch is enough indicator to make solution A visibly blue.Pour solution B into solution A. This will change the color from blue → green. Over time, this color will change from green → red/golden yellow.Pour this solution into an empty beaker, from a height of ~60 cm. Vigorous pouring from a height is essential in order to dissolve oxygen from the air into the solution. This should return the color to green.Once again, the color will return to red/golden yellow. The demonstration may be repeated several times. How Indigo Carmine Works Indigo carmine, also known as  5,5-indigodisulfonic acid sodium salt,  indigotine,  FDC Blue #2), has the  chemical formula is  C16H8N2Na2O8S2. It is used as a food coloring agent and as  a pH indicator. For chemistry, the purple salt is typically prepared as a 0.2% aqueous solution. Under these conditions, the solution is blue at pH 11.4 and yellow at pH 13.0. The molecule may also be used as a redox indicator, since it turns yellow when it is reduced. Other colors may be produced, depending on the specific reaction. Other uses of indigo carmine include dissolved ozone detection, as a dye for foods and medications, to detect amniotic fluid leaks in obstetrics, and as an intravenous dye to map the urinary tract. Health and Safety Information Indigo carmine may be harmful if inhaled. Avoid contact with the eyes or skin, which can cause irritation. Sodium hydroxide is a strong base that can cause irritation and burns. So, wear use care and wear gloves, a lab coat, and goggles setting up the demonstration. The solution may be safely disposed of down the drain, with running water.

No Child Left Behind Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

No Child Left Behind - Essay Example Next is the improvement of flexibility and local control. It also provides an increased number of options for parents. Lastly it stresses on proven teaching techniques. The phrase, "No Child Left Behind" (NCLB) has become a slogan for the federal scheme to increase "accountability" in American education. But despite the fact that NCLB is a federal plan, it will be up to the individual countries to make the plans and procedures that accomplish NCLB requirements. NCLB does not provide the new mandate with adequate funds. Thus this has an effect on opinions of many schools and parents. Many states have implemented this policy by now, but this has an impact on the parents and schools as they had to face many difficulties while coping up with the policy. This article further describes the effect, changes and pros and cons of the policy in regard to its laws.(Edwards & Perry 2004) This act generally stresses on developing American schools to a standard in which all students are given equal opportunities. As in the act it states "close the achievement gap between high- and low-performing children, especially the achievement gaps between minority and non-minority students, and between disadvantaged children and their more advantaged peers." This clearly reflects that NCLB aims to offer reasonable and equivalent opportunities to the students so that they can attain education of high standards. One of the most important terms of NCLB is the obligation that the states should set values in the field of education and should perform yearly evaluation of schools to check the progress of the school and analyze if the schools have been successful in improving the student's educational achievements. NCLB gives funds for the training of teachers; it provides special support to students who face difficulties with reading and supports immigrants and homeless students. Overa ll NCLB holds the states, districts and the schools to take accountability of the student's achievements. States are entitled to report the progress of students who suffer from problems like reading and writing. They are also directed to report about the students who are from different ethnic groups and who belong to families of low income. On the contrary NCLB has passed laws which act as a barrier for admission in kindergarten. Thus this proves to be a setback for the youth in their future. This youth may suffer from problems like aging, race difference and other physical and mental differences. A child cannot get admission in a kindergarten or a primary school if he has not cleared certain eligibility criterion (Panzica 2008). The laws implemented in the United States of America are prohibiting the children from early entries into kindergarten and primary schools. This can immensely affect the future of the children as it may determine the age of the child when he finishes his high school. There is a certain age limit for any child who needs admission in the kindergarten. If one is not able to comply with the age limits then they possibly will not get an admission into the school. The Act has made the school authorities more accountable for the results of the students and this has therefore made the authorities more conscious when giving admission to a child of less capabilities. The age criterion is so strict that the schools have a certain date setup (usually in September or December) at which the child should be of the